FEATURES OF CHANGES IN THE LEADING INDICATORS OF THE MECHANISMS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PROTECTION OF THE PERSONALITY TRAIT OF MODERN STUDENTS DURING THE PERIOD OF STAY IN A MEDICAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION

Abstract

Topicality. Analysis of the structural features of the modern public health system notes the undeniable fact that it is the concept of establishing adequate psychological protection of the individual that is one of the key concepts of preventive content and it is the mechanisms of psychological protection that provide protection of adaptive resources in each person and their mental state from the negative impact of external environmental factors, as well as from the consequences of internal conflicts.
The purpose of the work is to establish the features of changes in the leading indicators of psychological protection mechanisms of the individual of modern students during the academic cycle of their stay in a medical institution of higher education.
Materials and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, where 90 students (45 young women and 45 young men) were under supervision. To diagnose the features of psychological defense mechanisms, the Plutchik-Kellerman-Conte personality questionnaire was used, which allowed determining the degree of development of such leading correlates as mechanisms of repression, regression, substitution, denial, projection, compensation, hypercompensation and rationalization and, based on the data obtained, to build their profile.
Results of the study. It was established that among young women at the beginning of the educational cycle, the most significant according to the degree of expression are such psychological defense mechanisms as rationalization, projection, denial and repression, at the end of it – such psychological defense mechanisms as projection, rationalization, denial and regression, at the same time, among young men – at the beginning of the educational cycle, the most significant according to the degree of expression are such psychological defense mechanisms as rationalization, projection, denial and compensation, at the end of it – such psychological defense mechanisms as rationalization, denial, projection and compensation.
Conclusions. Considering that the most constructive mechanisms of psychological protection, which significantly reduce the risk of conflict situations, are considered to be such types as compensation, rationalization and hypercompensation, and, on the other hand, the most destructive ones are projection, repression, denial and substitution, it should be recognized that the internal mechanisms of psychological protection of the studied representatives of female and male students are quite high in tension, which causes the emergence of phenomena of distortion of the processes of social and professional formation of students and determines the need to develop and implement comprehensive programs of psychohygienic correction and psychophysiological rehabilitation of young women and young men who are studying.