DEMOGRAPHIC CRISIS AND PUBLIC HEALTH: CONCERNING THE ANALYSIS OF SOME RELATIONSHIP VECTORS

Abstract

The purpose of the work. Identification of medical and social problems of society and public health asdriving forces of the demographic crisis in Ukraine.Materials and methods. The work uses the results of demographic and medical and social research, which are available on the Internet.Results of the study. The paper analyzes the current demographic situation in Ukraine. It is shown that the lifestyle (improper nutrition, alcohol abuse, smoking, harmful work, stress, etc.) of ordinary Ukrainians, especially able-bodied people,is a priority factor influencing the demographic situation. The main risk factors for the occurrence of non-communicablediseases (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic lung diseases) lead to 91% of deaths in Ukraine. More than 50% of Ukrainians are currently overweight or obese. 82% of Ukrainians drink alcoholic beverages, and 26% say that they drink more alcohol now than before the war. In total, there are about 9 million active smokers in the country, which make upa third of the entire working population of the country. More than 70% of Ukrainians feel stressed or very nervous. About 80% of Ukrainian youth have chronic diseases. Every year, about 50,000 people are injured at work, 1,500 of them die, and more than 3,500 get occupational diseases. It is justified that the basis of a healthy lifestyle should be a health-preserving (preventive) paradigm. The opinions of leading demographers of the country regarding the significance of the contributionof medicine to the health of the population (30–35%) are expressed. In 2021, 17% of households (or 2.5 million families) experienced catastrophic health care costs. In 2020, public spending on health care accounted for 8% of total spending (12%for EU candidate countries, 14% EU average). The urgent need for serious changes and shifts in the financing mechanismand system of organization of the current health care system was determined.Conclusions. Post-war recovery and active development of all spheres of social life requires such mandatory components as creating conditions for a healthy lifestyle and the availability of quality medical services.