ADAPTATION OPPORTUNITIES OF STUDENTS IN THE JUNIOR COURSES OF THE INSTITUTION OF HIGHER MEDICAL EDUCATION DEPENDING ON THE LEVEL OF PHYSICAL HEALTH AND THE FEATURES OF THEIR CHANGES IN THE DYNAMICS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

Abstract

Topicality. Preserving and strengthening the health of young people was, is and will be a priority task for scientists. However, recent studies show a decline in the physical development of young people and a rapid decline in their health. Physical health indicates the level of growth and development of organs and systems of substances and is the basis of morphological and functional reserves of adaptive reactions. The effectiveness of a person's adaptation to the influence of environmental factors depends on his adaptation capabilities, which are individual-typological characteristics of a certain person and ensure favorable successful adaptation in physiological and psychological terms. The goal of the work is to analyze the individual adaptive capabilities of junior year students of a higher medical education institution depending on the level of physical health and the peculiarities of their changes in the dynamics of the educational process, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the author's psychocorrective program “Optimization of psychophysiological resources of the body”. Materials and methods. In the course of the study, 230 practically healthy students of the Vinnytsia National Medical University named after M.I. Pirogov aged 17 to 22. Medical students underwent research in several stages: in the 1st year in the intersessional and sessional periods and in the 2nd year in the intersessional and sessional periods. In the II year of study, part of the students took part in the author's psychocorrective program “Optimization of psychophysiological resources of the body”. Assessment of the level of physical health was carried out using the method of quantitative express assessment of the level of somatic health. Adaptation capabilities of students were determined according to the classical, generally accepted methodology. The licensed statistical package “Statistica 6.1” (license number ВXXR901E245722FA) was used for statistical analysis. The significance of the difference in values between independent quantitative values was determined using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The difference between values expressed in % was determined by the Weber formula. Research results. Analyzing the physical health of medical students, it was found that 4.3% of young people had an above average level of physical health, 22.6% had an average level, 31.7% had an average level, and 41.3% had a low level, in while a high level of physical health was not recorded in general. Adaptive capabilities are directly proportional to the level of physical health, and with a decrease in the level of physical health, the adaptive potential of the body decreases, especially during intense mental loads (sessions). The significance of the difference between the compared groups was p<0.001, p<0.01, p<0.05. Students who have mastered the author's psychocorrective program have noted positive dynamics in adapting to the conditions of study at a medical institution of higher education. Conclusions. The vast majority of students had average, below average and low levels of physical health. Excessive intellectual loads increase the strain on human adaptation mechanisms, depleting its resources. Having mastered the skills of a psychocorrective program, you can effectively work on preserving your own reserves.