Crimes against humanity committed by Russia against Ukraine: prospects for consideration by the International Criminal Court

Abstract

The article examines crimes against humanity committed by the Russian Federation during its armed aggression against Ukraine and evaluates the prospects of their adjudication by the International Criminal Court (ICC). The study is based on an analysis of international humanitarian law, including the Geneva Conventions and the Rome Statute, as well as reports from international organizations and judicial practices. The authors review systematic attacks on civilians, including missile strikes, hospital destruction, deportations, and torture. Special attention is given to mechanisms for documenting crimes, such as witness testimony recording, the use of technology, and international cooperation. Ukraine's ratification of the Rome Statute and the establishment of the ICC office in Kyiv highlight the growing role of international justice in addressing these cases. However, the authors point out significant challenges, including political pressure, restricted access to occupied territories, and limited court resources. The article emphasizes that effectively investigating these crimes is essential for ensuring justice, restoring international law, and setting a precedent for addressing crimes against humanity in contemporary conflicts.